My 91 | A Student Blog Fostering Deliberative Discourse in a Liberal Arts Education

October 28, 2025

About the Author

Arshiya Arshi Husain 26 (she/her) is an economics and philosophy double major from Islamabad, Pakistan. Outside of the classroom, she is involved on campus as a Senior Admission Fellow, Chidsey Leadership Fellow, 900 Room Bar Manager, 91 Outdoors Trip Leader and a member of 91ians for Freedom of Thought and Discourse. 

At 91, theres enough room for me to nurture all facets of my identity. From spending spring break networking on Wall Street to establishing a Pan-Asian affinity house on campus, Ive never felt like theres a feat too big to pursue at this school. 91 will continuously find ways to remind you that the world truly is your oyster.


As a Senior Admission Fellow, I often find myself answering questions about the sociopolitical climate at 91. It makes sense that prospective students are curiousI can see how 91әs geographical location and liberal arts curriculum can provoke such questions. 

I arrived in the U.S. not too long ago. Its only been three years since I left Pakistan to pursue a double major in Philosophy and Economics here at 91. I, too, remember coming in with questions regarding the purpleness of 91әs culture. Now, as a senior, I can confidently say that the political climate at 91 is nuanced, but that the deliberative discourse that this school fosters makes 91 what it is: an institution where dialogue is an integral part of the learning process. 

At the beginning of my sophomore year, I joined the Deliberative Citizenship Initiative (DCI) as a Fellow and, under the guidance of Prof. Graham Bullock, worked closely with students from acrossthe political spectrum. Through the DCI, I became trained in facilitation and led D-Teams where community members, students, and faculty participated in small group discussions. I learned quickly that the goal of the DCI was not necessarily to walk away from difficult conversations in perfect agreement with your peers, but rather to practice the art of respectful dialogue. As a facilitator, I reminded deliberators of the importance of adhering to the DCIs several conversation agreementssuch as to demonstrate intellectual humility, recognizing that no one has all the answers, by asking questions and making space for others to do the same. 

I noticed quickly how the essence of the DCI translated to academic settings. In my Economics of Gender & Family class with Prof. Angela Cools, a considerable portion of my grade consisted of deliberative assessments. For example, for one particular assessment, our class deliberated on the use of artificial intelligence in hiring processes, such as resume screenings. Never before had I been graded on how well I could hold a respectful, meaningful conversationit was a truly novel experience.  

Outside of the classroom, I often attend faculty-led discussions in informal settings. Commons Conversations, for example, are round table discussions hosted by professors of various departments at Commons Dining Hall. Just this past week, I found myself at the Economics lunch table, exchanging ideas with professors about moral responsibility and the South Asian diaspora in the U.S., to name a few! 

Deliberative discourse at 91 goes beyond just the presence of student-led political organizationsit is very much embedded in the culture of 91 as a whole. My three years here have allowed me to interact with students from every corner of the world as well as from around the U.S. My professors have challenged me to think divergently and to ask difficult questions. My friends value me not because we tend to agree on everything, but because we tend not to. The spirit of discourse has proven to persist in all facets of my life at 91, whether it be when Im writing pieces for the school newspaper, The 91ian, or chatting with my three flatmates at our apartment in Armfield Residence Hall. 

As I progress through my senior year, I feel fortunate to be graduating from an institution that has ignited my passion for deliberation. College, I believe, should be a space that pushes you to consider alternative worldviews and develop a sense of intellectual humility. My time at 91 has prepared me to interact meaningfully with people from all walks of life. 

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